SSRI vs. SNRI: Which Antidepressant Is Right for You?

If you're exploring treatment options for depression or anxiety, you've likely encountered SSRIs and SNRIs—the two most commonly prescribed types of antidepressants. At Next Step Psychiatry in Lilburn, GA, Dr. Aneel Ursani and Fathima Chowdhury, PA-C help patients throughout Gwinnett County understand these medications and find the right fit for their needs.

What Are SSRIs?

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) are the most commonly prescribed antidepressants. They work by increasing serotonin levels in your brain—the "feel-good" hormone that helps regulate mood, sleep, and digestion.

Common SSRIs include:

• Citalopram (Celexa)
• Escitalopram (Lexapro)
• Fluoxetine (Prozac)
• Paroxetine (Paxil)
• Sertraline (Zoloft)

How SSRIs Work

Normally, after serotonin sends signals to your nervous system, it gets reabsorbed by your cells. SSRIs prevent this reabsorption, making more serotonin available in your brain. Think of it as ensuring serotonin stays where it needs to be.

Conditions SSRIs Treat

• Major depressive disorder
• Generalized anxiety disorder
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
• Panic disorder
• Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
• Premenstrual dysphoric disorder

What Are SNRIs?

SNRIs (serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors) work similarly to SSRIs but affect two neurotransmitters instead of one—both serotonin and norepinephrine.

Common SNRIs include:

• Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
• Venlafaxine (Effexor)
• Desvenlafaxine (Pristiq)
• Levomilnacipran (Fetzima)

How SNRIs Work

Like SSRIs, SNRIs prevent reabsorption of serotonin. They also prevent reabsorption of norepinephrine (noradrenaline), a hormone that helps with alertness, motivation, and mood regulation. This dual action may provide additional benefits for some patients.

Conditions SNRIs Treat

• Major depressive disorder
• Generalized anxiety disorder
• Panic disorder
• Social anxiety disorder
• Chronic pain conditions
• Fibromyalgia

Key Differences

The main difference is that SSRIs affect only serotonin levels, while SNRIs increase both serotonin and norepinephrine. Both medications have similar side effect profiles, though individual responses vary.

Which Is More Effective?

Neither medication class is universally more effective than the other. Mental health conditions are complex, and treatment isn't one-size-fits-all. What works well for one patient may not be ideal for another. That's why working with an experienced psychiatric provider is so important.

Can These Medications Help Anxiety?

Yes! Both SSRIs and SNRIs are frequently prescribed for anxiety disorders, not just depression. They can effectively relieve symptoms of both conditions, which often occur together. Unlike benzodiazepines, antidepressants don't create dependency and can be safely discontinued under medical supervision.

Potential Side Effects

Both medication types share common side effects that typically diminish as your body adjusts:

• Nausea and digestive issues
• Drowsiness or insomnia
• Headaches and dizziness
• Dry mouth and sweating
• Changes in appetite or weight
• Sexual dysfunction

Our team at Next Step Psychiatry monitors for side effects and makes adjustments as needed to find the right balance of effectiveness and tolerability.

Finding the Right Medication for You

If you're experiencing depression, anxiety, or another mental health condition, the first step is meeting with a psychiatrist who can evaluate your specific needs and symptoms. Dr. Ursani and Fathima Chowdhury, PA-C will work with you to develop a personalized treatment plan that may include SSRIs, SNRIs, or other treatment approaches.

Medications can be extremely helpful for managing mental health conditions, and there's no shame in needing them to feel better. Contact Next Step Psychiatry today to learn more about your treatment options.